What is Cultural Competence?
Initially the term cultural competence was largely restricted to the healthcare professions, and referred to the ability to function effectively with individual patients and their families while maintaining cultural awareness. [1] The American Academy of Nursing defined cultural competence as care that is sensitive to culture, race, gender and sexual orientation. [1] Since that time cultural competence has extended into businesses and organizations and is loosely defined as a set of congruent behaviors, attitudes, and policies that come together in a system, agency, or among professionals that enable them to work effectively in cross-cultural situations. [2]
Being different in race, gender, age, sexual affections or ethnicity may not always be seen as positive by some people in an organization. Some people may think that being different is a handicap, showing obvious discomfort and displaying prejudices. Others might negate any differences among people, treating everyone the same, regardless of their abilities, values, beliefs and cultural backgrounds. Cultural competency addresses these attitudes and recognizes that each culture has developed its own patterned responses to conflict management, stress, work habits and communication. In business, cultural competency enables organizations and individuals to work effectively with employees and clients in cross-cultural situations to improve relationships and business performance. The four earmarks of a culturally competent organization or person [3]:
- Awareness of one’s own cultural worldview.
- Attitude towards cultural differences.
- Knowledge of different cultural practices and worldviews.
- Cross cultural skills.
Online Cultural Tool
Visit the web-based Cultural profiling tool at http://www.crossculture.com/rlcintro.htm to experience a unique e-learning development resource.
References:
[1] Kelly-Heidenthal, K. (2004). Essential of Nursing Leadership and Management. Delmar Learning, Clifton Park, New York.
[2] Cross, T., Bazron, B., Dennis, K., & Isaacs, M., (1989). Towards A Culturally Competent System of Care, Volume I. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Child Development Center, CASSP Technical Assistance Center.
[3] Martin, M. & Vaughn, B., (2007). “Strategic Diversity & Inclusion Management” magazine, pp. 31-36. DTUI Publications Division: San Francisco, CA
Management Tools and Resources 